国人胎儿脊柱发育宽度的X线照相研究

A radiographic study on the development in width of chinese fetal vertebral column

关键词:  胎儿  脊柱发育  宽度  X线照相

Key words:  fetus  vertebral column development  width  radiograph

摘要:

对胎儿脊柱发育进行X线研究，为诊治脊柱先天性疾病提供形态学依据。方法：用X线摄片的方法，在正位片上，选择存在于整个胎生期内椎弓两个骨化中心间的距离为标志，对120例正常胎儿（胎龄12周60例，24周60例）脊柱宽度的发育进行了观测。结果：两组脊柱宽度发育的形式表明，在12周内,与胸、骶段椎骨宽度相比较，颈椎和腰椎的增大不明显；至24周，胎儿颈椎和腰椎宽度发生了明显的增大。两组C1椎弓两个骨化中心间的距离，总是比其它椎骨大。在第12周，脊柱的宽度自C2～T7有一个逐减的趋势，而T8～L1宽度逐增，直至L1宽度约达与T2等值的水平，从L1～S1宽度大致保持不变。在第24周，脊柱的宽度有一完全不同的形态，C2比C1的宽度大为减小，C3～C6迅速增宽，T1较C7有明显减小，T2～T7逐减，T8～S1逐增，宽度几乎恢复到T1水平，自S2开始，宽度又迅速降低，至S5成为最窄部分。结论：某些椎骨有着相似的生长类型，说明脊柱的发育与脊髓存在着复杂的相关性。

Abstract:

Study the width of fetus vertebral colomn . Methods: This dissertation selected the distance between two occified center of neural arches, which existed through the whole fetal phase, as labels on anteroposterior x-ray films, and measured 120 cases of normal fetal vertebral width of spine (one group includes 60 cases with fetal age of 12 weeks, the other includes 60 cases with fetal age of 24 weeks ). Results: the widths of cervical and lumbar vertebae column didn't increase clearly within 12 weeks; but by the end of the 24th week, they increased clearly. Every width of C1 in the two groups was the maximum. At the 12th week, the widths of vertebral column decreased from C2 to T7, however, increased from T8 to L1, and the width of L1 was almost close to that of T2, the widths were approximately the same from L1 to S1. In the 24th week, the widths of C2 were far less than that of C1, the widths increased quickly from C3 to C6, the widths of T1 were far more larger than that of C7, the widths from　T2 to T7 decreased in sequence, the widths from T8 to S1 increased in sequence, and the width of S1 was equals to that of T1, from S2, the widths decreased quickly, width of S5 became minimum. Conclusions: We divided fetus vertebral column into five groups, and provide data for clinic practice