GPER在女性相关恶性肿瘤中作用的研究进展

Research progress of GPER in female-related malignant tumors

关键词:  雌激素膜受体  G蛋白偶联雌激素受体  女性相关恶性肿瘤

Key words:  estrogen membrane receptor  GPER  female-related malignancies

摘要:

雌激素无论在女性生理还是病理改变中都发挥着重大的作用。传统理论认为，雌激素通过雌激素核受体ERα和 ERβ发挥作用。作为一种新型的7次跨膜雌激素膜受体，G蛋白偶联雌激素受体（G protein-coupled estrogen receptor，GPER）区别于ERα、ERβ，可以与雌激素及其衍生物、激动剂和拮抗剂特异性结合从而发挥生物学效应。GPER广泛参与多种激素反应性肿瘤的发生发展，如乳腺癌、子宫内膜癌、前列腺癌和结直肠癌。然而，GPER在癌症中的作用仍存在争议。本文综述了GPER在女性相关恶性肿瘤，特别是乳腺癌、宫颈癌、子宫内膜癌和卵巢癌中的研究进展，以期为女性相关恶性肿瘤的诊疗提供参考。

Abstract:

Estrogen plays an important role in the physiological and pathological changes of women. Traditional theory suggests that estrogen acts through nuclear estrogen receptor (ERα) and estrogen receptor (ERβ). G protein-coupled estrogen receptor (GPER), as a new type of seven-span transmembrane estrogen membrane receptor, is different from ERα and ERβ, and can specifically bind to estrogen or its derivatives and antagonists to exert its biological function. GPER is widely involved in the occurrence and development of hormone-responsive tumors, such as breast cancer, endometrial cancer, prostate cancer and colorectal cancer. However, the role of GPER in cancer is still controversial. This article reviews the research progress of GPER in female-related malignancies, especially breast, cervical, endometrial, and ovarian cancers, in order to provide reference for the diagnosis and treatment of female-related malignant tumors.