影像学评估冠状动脉易损斑块的研究进展

Research progress of imaging assessment of coronary vulnerable plaque

关键词:  易损斑块  冠心病  影像学检查

Key words:  vulnerable plaques  coronary heart disease  imaging assessment

摘要:

冠状动脉易损斑块发生破裂后继发的血栓形成是导致急性冠脉综合征（ACS）主要原因，尽早准确识别易损斑块有着重要意义。目前，有很多检查方法可以用来识别冠状动脉易损斑块，可分为非侵入性检查和侵入性检查两大类。其中非侵入性检查包括冠状动脉血管成像、核磁共振成像、正电子发射计算机断层显像等，侵入性检查主要包括光学相干断层扫描、血管内超声、近红外光谱、血管内镜及血管内温度测量法等。这些检查方法有各自的优势，同时也存在不足。通过联合诊断弥补不同检查方法的不足对提高易损斑块诊断的准确性显得格外重要。

Abstract:

Thrombosis secondary to the rupture of coronary vulnerable plaque is the main cause of acute coronary syndrome (ACS). Therefore, early and accurate identification of vulnerable plaques is of great significance. At present, there are many approaches that can be used to diagnose vulnerable plaques in the coronary arteries, which can be divided into two categories:invasive and non-invasive. Among them, non-invasive examinations include coronary angiography, magnetic resonance imaging, positron emission computed tomography, etc.. While invasive examinations mainly include optical coherence tomography, intravascular ultrasound, near-infrared spectroscopy, vascular endoscopy and intravascular temperature measurement, etc.. These approaches have their own advantages and disadvantages. It is extremely important to improve the diagnostic accuracy of vulnerable plaques by making up for the shortcomings of each individual examination method by combining different approaches.