横纹肌溶解症的临床研究进展

Clinical progress on rhabdomyolysis

关键词:  横纹肌溶解症  肌红蛋白  发病机制

Key words:  rhabdomyolysis  myoglobin  pathogenesis

摘要:

横纹肌溶解症是一种急性、潜在的致命综合征，发病机制是横纹肌分解和肌肉细胞内容物随后释放进入血液循环。大量肌红蛋白、肌酸激酶、电解质等突然释放到血液中可引起急性肾损伤，电解质紊乱、休克甚至死亡。早期治疗可使并发症最小化，但早期患者可能没有横纹肌溶解症的典型症状，甚至有可能无临床表现。本文对横纹肌溶解症的病因、发病机制、对机体的危害、临床表现、治疗及预后等方面作一综述。

Abstract:

Rhabdomyolysis is an acute and potentially fatal syndrome. The pathogenesis of rhabdomyolysis is striated muscle breakdown and subsequent release of muscle cell contents into the circulation. The sudden release of large quantities of myoglobin, creatine kinase and electrolystes into the bloodstream can cause acute kidney injury, electrolyte disorder, shock, and death. Complications can be minimized if treated early, but patients may not have classic symptoms of rhabdomyolysis and may even be asymptomatic on presentation. This article reviews the etiology, pathogenesis, the harm to the body, clinical manifestations, treatment and prognosis of rhabdomyolysis.