藤三七皂苷组分对代谢综合征小鼠及其肠道菌群的调节作用

Effects of Boussingaultia Saponins on metabolic syndrome and gut microbiota in mice

关键词:  藤三七  皂苷  代谢综合征  肠道菌群

Key words:  Boussingaultia  Saponins  metabolic syndrome  gut microbiota

摘要:

目的　研究藤三七皂苷组分对代谢综合征小鼠及其肠道菌群的调节作用。方法　45只雄性BALB/c小鼠随机分为对照组、模型组和藤三七皂苷组(n=15)。采用高脂饮食建立代谢综合征小鼠模型，对照组小鼠用普通饲料喂养，模型组小鼠饲以高脂饲料，藤三七皂苷组高脂饲料饲喂同时用100 mg/(kg·d)藤三七皂苷灌胃液灌胃。每周测体重，第2、4、6周每组随机处理3只小鼠，第8周每组处理6只小鼠。以体重、肝脏与附睾脂肪系数、血脂等指标，观察皂苷的作用。并采用16S rRNA高通量测序法分析小鼠肠道菌群。结果　第8周，模型组体重（36.36±2.44）g明显高于对照组（29.33±1.89）g（P<0.05）；模型组体重增量（14.86±3.66）g明显高于对照组（8.41±1.83）g和藤三七皂苷组（9.70±1.55）g（均P<0.05）。第8周，模型组附睾脂肪系数（4.18±0.97）%明显高于对照组（2.29±0.69）%（P<0.05），也高于藤三七皂苷组（3.65±0.81）%，但差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。第6周，模型组血清总胆固醇（TC）（7.13±0.67）mmol/L明显高于对照组（4.81±0.55）mmol/L（P<0.05），也高于藤三七皂苷组（5.38±0.15）mmol/L，但差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）；第8周，模型组TC（7.20±0.35）mmol/L明显高于对照组（4.23±0.46）mmol/L和藤三七皂苷组TC（6.12±0.33）mmol/L（均P<0.05）。第6周，模型组血清低密度脂蛋白（LDL）（1.62±0.19）mmol/L明显高于对照组（1.03±0.32）mmol/L和藤三七皂苷组（1.06±0.18）mmol/L（均P<0.05）；第8周模型组LDL（1.56±0.67）mmol/L显著高于对照组（0.57±0.30）mmol/L和藤三七皂苷组LDL（0.68±0.07）mmol/L（均P<0.05）。藤三七皂苷组与模型组相比，肠道嗜胆菌（Bilophila）、葡萄球菌（Staphlococcus）、乳球菌（Lactococcus）、Ruminococcaceae、Anaerotruncus丰度降低，Allobaculum、Alloprevotella丰度升高。结论　藤三七皂苷组分对代谢综合征小鼠有一定的减肥及降脂作用，并能改善肠道菌群。

Abstract:

Objective To study the effects of saponins on metabolic syndrome and gut microbiota in mice. Methods Forty-five male BALB/c mice were evenly divided into the model group, saponins group and control group. Mice in the model group and saponins group were fed with high-fat diet, and mice in the saponins group was simultaneously gavaged with saponins ［100 mg/(kg·d)］. Three mice from each group were sacrificed every two weeks (six mice per group at the end of the eighth week). The effects of saponins were observed by weight, liver coefficient, epididymal fat tissue coefficient and blood lipids. And the gut microbiota was analyzed by 16S rRNA high throughput sequencing. Results At the end of week 8, the weight of mice in model group increased more than that in saponins group and control group (P<0.05). The epididymal fat tissue coefficient in model group (4.18±0.97) % increased more than the control group (2.29±0.69) % (P<0.05), while decreased in saponins group (3.65±0.81) % (P>0.05). At the end of week 6, blood TC and LDL in saponins group increased significantly less than those in model group, though more than those in control group. The abundance of Bilophila, Staphlococcus, Lactococcus, Ruminococcaceae and Anaerotruncus decreased in saponins group compared with model group, but the abundance of Allobaculum and Alloprevotella increased. Conclusion Saponins could play a role in lower the levels of weight gain and blood lipids in metabolic syndrome mice by adjusting the gut microbiota.