低温丙泊酚与利多卡因对全麻诱导注射痛的影响

Efficacy of cold propofol and lidocaine on propofol injection-induced pain

关键词:  丙泊酚  注射痛  低温  利多卡因

Key words:  [Key words]　propofol  injection pain  cold  lidocaine

摘要:

[摘要]　目的　评价低温丙泊酚与预注利多卡因对缓解全麻诱导时丙泊酚注射痛的效果。　方法　120例ASAⅠ～Ⅱ级接受全身麻醉病人，随机分成3组：对照组（control group），利多卡因组（lidocaine group）和低温丙泊酚组（cold group），每组40例。全麻顺序诱导时，对照组和利多卡因组给予室温(20~23 ℃)丙泊酚，而低温组给予贮藏在冰箱内的4 ℃的丙泊酚。应用4分表评价并记录病人的疼痛程度及发生率，同时记录基础状态、给药后和插管前的血压、心率。　结果　与对照组相比，低温组与利多卡因组病人注射痛的发生率明显降低(相应的百分比为32.5%, 37.5% vs. 70%)；且低温组与利多卡因组病人疼痛的程度也明显低于对照组。　结论　低温丙泊酚能有效降低全麻诱导时注射痛的程度与发生率，与预注40 mg的利多卡因同样有效。

Abstract:

[Abstract] Objective　To assess the efficacy of cold propofol and lidocaine in minimizing pain associated with injection of propofol.　Methods　One hundred twenty patients were enrolled in this study with an American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) physical status class I or II for general anesthesia. All patients aged 30-60 years old were randomly allocated into three groups (n=40, in each). The control and lidocaine group patients received 2 mg/kg propofol that had been stored at room temperature (20-23 ℃); while the cold group received cold (4 ℃) propofol. The pain intensity and incidence were then evaluated using a 4-point verbal rating scale. Also, blood pressure and heart rate were measured at the baseline, after intravenous injection of propofol and before intubation.　Results　The incidence of pain was significantly reduced in the groups that received cold propofol and lidocaine compared to the control group (32.5% and 37.5% vs. 70%, respectively). Moreover, the severity of pain was significantly lower in the groups that received cold propofol and lidocaine compared to the control group.　Conclusion　Cold propofol and pretreatment with lidocaine can effectively reduce the incidence and severity of pain upon the injection of propofol.