流感的局部治疗和预防

Local treatment and prevention effect on influenza

关键词:  流感  局部治疗  局部预防

Key words:  [Key words] influenza  local treatment  local prevention

摘要:

[摘要]　流感是由流感病毒引起的呼吸道疾病，它通过呼吸道传播，曾多次引起全球大流行，造成了人力和物力的重大损失。流感病毒变异率高，传播速度快，控制其危害仍是医学界的一项艰巨的任务。目前治疗和预防流感的方法是药物治疗和接种疫苗，治疗药物多为口服药，疫苗接种多为肌肉注射。流感病毒主要吸附纤毛上皮细胞以及含α- 2,6半乳糖苷唾液酸丰富的气管和支气管上皮细胞，其一旦定植于呼吸道黏膜表面，经吞饮作用，黏附和穿入柱状上皮细胞，并在细胞内进行复制，可短期内导致大量呼吸道上皮细胞受染，受染细胞发生坏死、脱落及局部炎症反应。本文主要综述了流感的局部治疗和预防方面的研究。

Abstract:

[Abstract] Influenza is a respiratory disease caused by influenza viruses, which spreads through the respiratory tract. It has caused global pandemic many times and posed a great losses of manpower and material resources. Due to the high mutation rate and fast transmission, it is still a arduous task to control the influenza's damage. Nowadays, methods for the treatment and prevention of influenza are drugs and vaccination. Most drugs are oral and vaccines are most through intramuscular injection. The influenza virus is mainly adsorbed ciliated epithelium cells and the epithelial cells of tracheal and bronchial, which were rich in α-2,6 x-gal sialic acid. The influenza virus once occupied in the surface of respiratory tract mucous membrane. It adhered and wore into the columnar epithelial cells through the pinocytosis and replicated in the cells. It resulted in a large number of airway epithelial cells being affected and the infected cells were necrosis and ecclasis and led to local inflammatory response. This paper mainly summarizes the research about local treatment and prevention of influenza.