糖尿病与骨质疏松的研究进展

Research progress of diabetes mellitus and osteoporosis

关键词:  糖尿病  骨质疏松  流行病学  发病机制

Key words:  [Key words] 　diabetes mellitus  osteoporosis  epidemiology  pathogenesis

摘要:

糖尿病（尤其是2型糖尿病）和骨质疏松是老年常见病，患病率迅速增加。1型糖尿病患者由于不能达到峰值骨量而导致骨折风险增加；2型糖尿病患者与骨密度的关系复杂，其较高的骨折风险不能仅靠诊断骨质疏松的金标准骨密度值来解释。其病因尚未完全明确，发病机制错综复杂，以往认为其发病与慢性高血糖、激素、细胞因子等关系密切，最新研究表明氧化应激和炎症介质也参与了糖尿病性骨质疏松的发生发展。

Abstract:

[Abstract]　Diabetes mellitus (particularly type 2) and osteoporosis are two very common disorders, and are both increasing in prevalence. Patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus may not reach potential peak bone mass, putting them at greater fracture risk. While in patients with type 2 diabetes, fracture risk is increased and is not explained by the bone mineral density measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, which is considered the gold standard predictor of fracture. The etiology is not yet completely clear and pathogenesis is perplexing. It is closely related to chronic hyperglycemia, hormone and cytokines. Recent research shows that oxidative stress and inflammation mediators are also involved in the development of diabetic osteoporosis.