翼腭神经节及其动脉供应观测

Pterygopalatine ganglion and its artery supply

关键词:  翼腭神经节  翼管神经  翼管动脉  圆孔动脉  蝶腭动脉

Key words:  pterygopalatine ganglion  vidian nerve  vidian artery  foramen rotundum artery  sphenopalatine artery

摘要:

[目的] 观测翼腭神经节的位置、形状、大小、分支和动脉供应。〖ＨＴH〗[方法] 取动脉灌注红色乳胶福尔马林固定的50侧头部标本，用大体和显微解剖法，采用4种入路解剖翼腭神经节，观测翼腭神经节的位置、形态、大小、分支、动脉供应和手术标志。〖ＨＴH〗[结果] 翼腭神经节位于翼腭窝的后内部，翼管的前方，蝶腭动脉的后方；多为圆三角形，4.12 mm×4.17 mm，它与翼管神经和上颌神经的神经节支相连，发出腭支、鼻支、咽支和眶支；接受翼管动脉、圆孔动脉和蝶腭动脉供应，还是翼腭窝手术中寻找翼管神经和上颌神经的标志。〖ＨＴH〗[结论] 翼腭神经节是翼腭窝内重要的神经结构，也是翼腭窝手术寻找翼管神经和上颌神经的标志。

Abstract:

[Objective]To observe location, shape, size, branches and artery supply of pterygopalatine ganglion. [Methods]Formalin preserved pterygopalatine ganglion of fifty half-heads adult specimens after intravascular injection red coloring emulsion were studied by gross and microanatomy used 4 approaches, location, shape, size, branches and artery supply of pterygopalatine ganglion and surgery landmark were observed. [Results]Pterygopalatine ganglion located in the posteromedial part of pterygopalatine fossa, anterior to the pterygoid canal and posterior to the sphenopalatine artery. It had a triangular shape. The dimension of the ganglion was 4.12 mm×4.17 mm. It received the vidian nerve and connected with the maxillary nerve, and sent out palatine branches, nasal branches, pharyngeal branches and orbital branches. The ganglion was supplied by the vidian artery, foramen rotundum artery and sphenopalatine artery. It was an important anatomic landmark to look for the vidian nerve and maxillary nerve during surgery.[Conclusion]Pterygopalatine ganglion is an important nerve structure in pterygopalatine fossa. It is a valuable anatomic landmark to look for the vidian nerve and maxillary nerve during surgery.