脑干卒中111例临床特点分析

Clinical analysis of brainstem stroke in 111 cases

关键词:  脑干卒中  临床表现  影像学

Key words:  brainstem stroke  clinical manifestation  imaging

摘要:

[目的] 探讨脑干卒中的临床特点，提高对脑干卒中的认识。 [方法] 收集 111例脑干卒中患者的临床资料，男性71例，女40例，对其危险因素、临床表现、影像学检查等进行统计分析。 [结果] ①脑干卒中患者最常见的危险因素是高血压和动脉粥样硬化。②脑干卒中最常见的临床表现是肢体活动不灵、中枢性面舌瘫等；本组出现经典脑干综合征的病例占20%。③111例脑干卒中患者中，单一节段脑干卒中92例；一个脑干节段合并其它脑干节段或其它部位的卒中19例；缺血性卒中86例，出血性卒中22例，混合型卒中3例。 [结论] 脑干卒中临床表现复杂多样，经典脑干综合征少见，必须结合颅脑影像学检查（CT和/或MRI）才能做出准确诊断。

Abstract:

[Objective] To explore the clinical characteristics of brainstem stroke in order to enhance the knowledge of this disease. [Methods] Clinical and radiological data in 111 patients with brainstem stroke were collected, including 77 males and 40 females. The clinical characteristics of brainstem stroke were studied. [Results] ①Hypertension and atherosclerosis were the major factors causing brainstem stroke. ②The most common clinical manifestations of brainstem stroke were limb paralysis, central facial palsy and central hypoglossal palsy. Classical brainstem syndromes were presented in just 20% cases. ③ Of 111 brainstem stroke, 92 strokes were in single-section. Ischemia was the main type of stroke 77.48%(86/111). All brainstem haemorrhage occurred in the pons. [Conclusions] The clinical manifestations of brainstem stroke are complicated. Classical brainstem syndrome is uncommon. Examinations of cranial imaging, CT and MRI are mandatory for the diagnosis of the disease.