大鼠生后早期小脑小胶质细胞发育形态学研究

Microglia morphological development at early stage of life in rat cerebellum

关键词:  小胶质细胞  发育  形态学  小脑  新生大鼠

Key words:  microglia  development  morphology  cerebellum  neonatal rat

摘要:

［目的］了解大鼠生后早期小脑小胶质细胞（microglia, MG）的形态学特点及分布规律。［方法］对鼠龄为1、3、7、10 d和14 d的SD大鼠的小脑进行Nissl染色，用免疫组织化学法检测OX-42。［结果］生后1 d，小脑脚基底区及第四脑室下区聚集着多量圆形或阿米巴样的细胞，小脑的皮质和白质分界不清，但MG分布广泛，为圆形或阿米巴样；之后数量逐渐增多，突起逐渐伸长，并在白质中形成一股“细胞流”（stream），这种现象持续到生后第10天；生后第14天，小脑皮质和白质的MG分布均匀，呈初级和成熟分枝状。［结论］与发育期大脑相似，大鼠生后早期MG也经历不同的形态学改变，且不同脑区MG的分布具有一定的特征性。

Abstract:

［Objective］To explore the morphological features and distribution of microglia through development in the rat cerebellum and to provide some evidences for the studies of effect of microglia in the cerebellum disease such as Purkinje cell degeneration.［Methods］The monoclonal antibody OX-42 was used to recognize microglial cells to study Sprague Dawley rats aged 1,3,7,10,14 days.［Results］Many round or ameboid microglia were in the basal region of the cerebellar peduncle and in the fourth subventricular zone at postnatal day 1(P1). The dividing line between cortex and white matter was not clear at P1, but microglia were widespread. Then as time going on, the prominence of microglia enlongated and the number of them increased, forming a stream’ in the cerebellar white matter that could be seen until P10. Microglia showed a nearly homogenous pattern of distribution in the cerebellar cortex and white matter at P14 and most of them were primitive or mature ramified.［Conclusion］Similarly to the developing cerebrum, microglia in the cerebellum at early stage of postnal life of rat experience different morphological changes. And the distribution of microglia at different areas is of some characters.