PSMA靶向放射性配体PET显像在非前列腺癌实体瘤中的应用研究进展

Research progress of PSMA-targeting radioligands PET imaging for non-prostate cancer solid tumor

关键词:  前列腺特异性膜抗原  非前列腺癌  放射性配体  PET显像

Key words:  prostate-specific membrane antigen  non-prostate cancer  radioligands  PET imaging

摘要:

前列腺特异性膜抗原（prostate-specific membrane antigen，PSMA）在前列腺组织和前列腺癌细胞高表达，但近期发现其在多种实体瘤的新生血管内皮细胞和部分肿瘤细胞中也过度表达。研究显示，PSMA靶向放射性配体PET显像在透明肾细胞癌、胶质瘤等实体瘤的原发灶、局部复发或远处转移中显示出较好的敏感性和特异性，在其他非前列腺癌实体肿瘤（如膀胱癌、乳腺癌、肺癌、肝癌、甲状腺癌、涎腺癌）中的应用亦有报道。因此，PSMA-PET显像可能有助于这些疾病的诊断、分期和预后评估，亦可能有助于抗血管生成治疗患者的筛选和疗效监测。本文主要对PSMA靶向放射性配体PET显像在前列腺癌以外实体瘤中的研究进展进行综述。

Abstract:

Prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) is highly expressed in prostate tissues and prostate cancer cells, but it has recently been found to be overexpressed in neovascular endothelial cells and some tumor cells of various solid tumors. Studies have shown that PET imaging with PSMA-targeting radioligands demonstrates good sensitivity and specificity for solid tumors such as clear renal cell carcinoma and glioma in primary lesion, local recurrence or distant metastasis, and its application in other non-prostate solid tumors (such as bladder cancer, breast cancer, lung cancer, liver cancer, thyroid cancer, salivary cancer) has also been reported. Therefore, PSMA-PET imaging may be helpful for the diagnosis, staging and prognosis evaluation of these diseases, as well as for screening and monitoring the efficacy of antiangiogenic therapy. This review focuses on the research progress of PSMA-targeting radioligands PET imaging in non-prostate cancer solid tumor.