适龄儿童涂氟前后患龋状态及龋齿活跃度的比较研究

Study on caries prevalence and caries activity in Dalian children aged 3-5 years old before and after fluoride application

关键词:  患龋状态  龋齿活跃度  龋齿活跃性试验法  涂氟

Key words:  caries prevalence  caries activity test  cariostat  fluoride application

摘要:

目的调查大连市幼儿园3～5岁儿童的患龋情况，比较研究对象涂氟前后患龋状态与龋齿活跃度的变化。方法　以2015—2016年大连市3所幼儿园3～5岁的1004名儿童为研究对象，随机分为试验组和对照组，试验组1年2次涂氟，对照组1年1次涂氟，行口腔内龋齿检查，龋齿活跃度检测。结果涂氟前试验组儿童患龋率为55.4%，对照组患龋率为52.8%。涂氟前后试验组的患龋率由55.4%下降至40.8%，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）；试验组与对照组的患龋率比较，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。两年间龋齿活跃度检测结果的分布明显不同，试验组涂氟前后低度组增加了11.6%，中度组减少了3.7%，高度组减少了7.9%，差异有统计学意义（P<0.001）。结论1年2次的长期局部涂氟可以有效预防龋齿的发生，降低龋齿活跃度。

Abstract:

Objective To investigate the prevalence of caries in pre-school children aged 3-5 years old in Dalian city and to compare the caries status and caries activity before and after fluoride application. Methods A total of 1004 children aged 3-5 years from 3 pre-schools in Dalian from 2015 to 2016 were randomly divided into experimental group and control group. The experimental group received fluoride application twice a year, while the control received fluoride application once a year. The plaque samples were collected from buccal surface, and incubated in the Cariostat test medium (Okadai Co, Beijing, China) at 37 ℃ for 48 hours. Fluoride was Duraphat (Colgate Co, Beijing, China). SPSS software 13.7 was used for statistical analysis. Results Before applying fluoride, the prevalence of caries was 55.4% in the experimental group and 52.8% in the control group. The prevalence of caries decreased from 55.4% to 40.8% in the experimental group after fluoride application (P<0.05). There was significant difference in the caries prevalence between the experimental group and the control group (P<0.05). Cariostat scores of the children were correlated with caries status (caries-free/carious). In the experimental group, Cariostat scores had a significant change before and after fluoride application (P<0.001) in two years. Conclusion Long-term local application of fluoride twice a year can effectively prevent the occurrence of dental caries and reduce the activity of dental caries.