| 摘要: |
| 本文在简述胚胎干细胞生物学性状的基础上，重点综述胚胎干细胞自我更新和诱导分化研究的相关进展，其中包括由外源性细胞因子（LIF因子）和内源性转录因子（Oct-4, Nanog）共同参与的自我更新调控机制；通过条件培养基和基因转染的方法定向诱导干细胞分化以及微环境对干细胞诱导分化的影响及调控，最后提出干细胞研究面临的挑战。可为今后干细胞的基础科研及应用开发提供必要的理论依据和技术指导。 |
| 关键词: 胚胎干细胞 拟胚体 自我更新 分化 微环境 组织工程 |
| DOI：10.11724/jdmu.2017.05.01 |
| 分类号:R318 |
| 基金项目:基金项目：国家自然科学基金项目（31470952）；辽宁省自然科学基金项目（2014023003，2014023018 |
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| Self-renewal and differentiation of embryonic stem cells |
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LI Xiangdong1, WANG Xiuli2
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1.Department of Cardiovascular Diseases，the Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116027，China;2.Department of Histology and Embryology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China
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| Abstract: |
| This review will briefly introduce the biological characteristics of embryonic stem cells (ESCs) followed by the focuses on the mechanisms of self-renewing and the strategies of lineage-specified differentiation of ESCs in recent years. In particular, mechanisms of regulating the self-renewing of ESCs including the participation of both cytokine and transcriptional were discussed. Conditioned medium and gene transfection were also reviewed for the induced differentiation of ESCs in vitro. Most importantly, the indispensable role played by the stem cell microenvironment in regulating the fate of ESCs and the challenges that being faced by the stem cell-based therapy have also been discussed in this mini-review. It is expected that it would not only enlighten the basic research of stem cells but also promote its transformed application in clinical therapy |
| Key words: embryonic stem cells (ESCs) embryoid bodies (EBs) self-renewing differentiation microenvironment tissue engineering |
