功能磁共振成像技术在创伤性脑损伤诊断中的应用

Application of functional magnetic resonance imaging technology in diagnosis of traumatic brain injury

关键词:  创伤性脑损伤  弥漫性轴索损伤  弥散张量成像  磁敏感加权成像  静息态  磁共振波谱

Key words:  traumatic brain injury（TBI）  diffuse axonal injury（DAI）  diffusion tensor imaging（DTI）  susceptibility-weighted imaging（SWI）  resting-state  magnetic resonance spectroscopic（MRS）

摘要:

随着社会现代化发展和自然灾害的增多，创伤性脑损伤（TBI）发生率呈逐年上升趋势，而CT和普通MRI检查常表现为临床症状重与影像学表现轻或阴性等非匹配现象，从而发生误诊和误治等问题。目前，弥散张量成像(DTI)、磁敏感加权成像（SWI）、静息态功能磁共振成像（rs-fMRI）、氢质子磁共振波谱（¹H-MRS）等功能磁共振成像（fMRI）技术已较成熟地应用于大多数脑疾病诊断中，fMRI可更加敏感、早期和准确地评估与诊断TBI，这将在临床的精准诊断、有效治疗与改善预后等方面发挥重要作用。

Abstract:

With the development of social modernization and the increase of natural disasters, the incidence of traumatic brain injury (TBI) shows a trend of rising year by year. However, CT or conventional MRI often demonstrates mild or negative imaging findings, which are mismatched with the severe clinical symptoms and result in false diagnosis and improper treatment. Diffusion tensor imaging（DTI）, susceptibility-weighted imaging（SWI）, resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI),¹H magnetic resonance spectroscopic（¹H-MRS）, and other functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) new techniques have been successfully applied in most brain diseases. fMRI can evaluate and diagnose TBI earlier with higher sensitivity and accuracy and would play an important role in accurate clinical diagnosis, effective treatment and prognosis improvement.