吸烟在冠心病发生发展中的作用机制研究进展

Review on the mechanism of smoking in the occurrence and development of coronary heart disease

关键词:  吸烟  冠心病  作用机制

Key words:  smoking  coronary heart disease  mechanism

摘要:

近年来，冠状动脉粥样硬化性心脏病（简称冠心病）发病率逐年升高，且发病逐渐年轻化，已成为心血管疾病死亡的首位病因。吸烟为冠心病的确切独立危险因素，迄今为止的研究表明，吸烟导致冠心病发生发展的机制可能与损伤内皮功能和诱发血管痉挛、加重炎症反应、破坏体内凝血和纤溶系统平衡、促进脂代谢异常、导致氧化应激反应、促进同型半胱氨酸升高、加重高血压、降低心脏自主神经功能的恢复效果、遗传易感性、与药物相互作用等相关。本文就吸烟在冠心病发生发展中的作用机制作一综述。

Abstract:

Recently, the incidence of coronary atherosclerotic cardiopathy (coronary heart disease, CHD) has become higher and higher, and the patients has also been gradually younger. In addition, CHD has become the top cause of death from cardiovascular disease. Previous studies have shown that smoking is a definite and independent cause of CHD and the mechanisms of smoking leading to CHD may be related to endothelial dysfunction, inducing vasospasm, aggravating inflammatory response, damaging balance of blood coagulation and fibrinolytic system, promoting lipid metabolism abnormalities, leading to oxidative stress, promoting homocysteine level, increasing blood pressure, reducing the heart autonomic nervous function recovery, genetic susceptibility, and drug interaction. This paper reviews the main mechanism of smoking in the occurrence and development of CHD.