甲状腺术后低钙血症的发生、预防及处理

Occurrence, prevention and treatment of hypocalcemia after thyroidectomy

关键词:  甲状腺手术  甲状旁腺  低钙血症  预防

Key words:  [Key words]　thyroidectomy  parathyroid gland  hypocalcemia  prevention

摘要:

低钙血症是甲状腺全切除或多次甲状腺手术患者的术后并发症之一，其原因主要与手术操作过程中甲状旁腺的误切及血运障碍有关。临床上根据不同的术式、具体的术中情况，选择显露甲状旁腺或尽可能地保留旁腺。为预防术后低钙血症的发生本文推荐术后常规补充钙剂及维生素D制剂。而对于发生低钙血症的患者，根据具体情况采取对症处理及对因处理，以期避免或减少预后低钙血症的发生。

Abstract:

[Abstract]　Hypocalcemia is one of the complications of total thyroidectomy or repeatedly thyroid surgeries. The reason mainly is that the parathyroid gland is removed by mistake and hemodynamic disorder of the parathyroid gland during surgery. According to different surgical methods and specific situations during surgeries, surgeons may revealed the parathyroid gland or reserve the parathyroid gland possibly. In order to prevent the occur of hypocalcemia, we recommend the supplement of calcium and vitamin D3 after the surgery. For the patients who get hypocalcemia we can take symptomatic treatment or etiological treatment according to the specific situations, viewing to avoid or reduce the occurrence of hypocalcemia.