生物反馈放松训练对驻水面舰艇焦虑军人心率变异性的影响

Effect of biofeedback relaxation training on heart rate variability of naval sailors anxiety on surface ship

关键词:  生物反馈放松训练  军人  心率变异性  生理相干与自主平衡系统

Key words:  [Key words]　biofeedback relaxation training  military  HRV  SPCS

摘要:

目的　探讨生物反馈放松训练对驻舰焦虑军人心率变异性(HRV)的影响。　方法　　通过随机整群抽样的方法，选取海军某水面舰艇有焦虑情绪的军人140名（50≤SAS标准分＜70，不符合DSM-IV的焦虑症诊断标准）随机分为干预组和对照组各70人。干预组给予生物反馈放松训练，对照组不进行放松训练,自然安静状态下监测生理指标，即心率（HR）及心率变异性（HRV）频域指标的低频成分（LF）和高频成分（HF）的标准单位（nu），1次/d，每次持续30 min，连续10 d ，共10次。　结果　　每次干预后干预组军人心率都低于干预前，且在第7、8、9、10次自身配对比较差异有显著性意义（P<0.05）,每次干预后心率呈下降趋势，但对每次干预前的心率进行方差分析差别无显著性意义（P>0.05）；对照组自身配对比较及不同干预次数干预前的心率之间比较差异无显著性意义（P>0.05）。干预组每次干预后军人的lnLF(nu)值均较干预前下降，且在第8、9、10次自身配对比较时，差异具有显著性意义（P<0.05）；随干预次数增多，lnLF(nu)呈逐步下降趋势，但干预前不同试验次数之间方差分析差异无显著意义（P>0.05）；对照组每次干预后军人的lnLF(nu)值均较前升高，但干预前后自身比较及干预前不同试验次数之间方差分析差异无显著性意义（P>0.05）。干预组每次干预后军人的lnHF(nu)值都高于干预前，且在第8、9、10次自身比较差异具有显著性意义（P<0.05）；随干预次数增多，lnHF(nu)呈逐步上升趋势，但干预前不同实验次数之间方差分析差异无显著性意义（P>0.05）；对照组每次干预后lnHF(nu)值均较前下降，但干预前后自身比较及干预前不同试验次数之间方差分析差异无显著性意义（P>0.05）。试验前后HR和HRV的基线期值比较：第1次与第10次基线期的HR, lnLF(nu), lnHF(nu)的值比较差异均无显著性意义（P>0.05）。　结论　　生物反馈放松训练能提高军人心率变异性频域指标，降低交感神经活动，增强迷走神经活动，表明其能够提高军人自主神经功能状态，缓解焦虑情绪。

Abstract:

[Abstract] Objective　To evaluate influence of the biofeedback relaxation training on the heart rate variability of naval servicemen with anxiety on surface ship. 　Methods 　140 anxiety army men (50≤SAS standard score＜70，do not accord with diagnosis standard for the anxiety disorders of DSM - IV) were randomly divided into intervention group (n=70) and control group (n=70) by clustering random sampling method. The intervention group received biofeedback relaxation training, while the control group only observed for physiological indexes at natural quiet state,that is HR and HRV frequency-domain indexes， HRV was reported as the normalized units (lnLF(nu), lnHF(nu)),totally 10 days, 1 time/day and 30 minutes once. 　Results　 Comparison of heart rate of every intervention: Every heart rate of intervention group after the intervention was lower than before the intervention, and the change exhibited significant difference in 7th, 8th, 9th, 10th (P<0.05). Compare the heart rate among 10 times using ANOVA, significant differences did not exist although there was a tendency towards slower heart rate values before each experiment. There was not significant difference within the control group using paired-T test or ANOVA. Before and after intervention, comparison of heart rate variability of low frequency lnLF(nu): After each intervention, lnLF(nu) values were dropped than the before, and there were significant different at 8th, 9th, 10th in itself comparison (P<0.05）.Compare the lnLF(nu) among 10 times using ANOVA, significant differences did not exist although there was a tendency towards slower lnLF （nu） values after each intervention (P>0.05). In control group, lnLF(nu) values are raised than the before, there were no significant different during 10 times intervention using paired-T test or variance analysis in lnLF(nu) value (P>0.05); After the intervention, lnHF(nu) values of the intervention group were higher than before at eighth, ninth, tenth (P<0.05）. Compare the lnHF(nu) among 10 times using ANOVA, significant differences did not exist although there was a tendency towards higher lnHF （nu） values after each intervention (P>0.05). In control group, lnHF(nu) values were decreased than the before, there were no significant different after every intervention using paired-T test or variance analysis in lnHF(nu) value(P>0.05); Comparison of basis value before and after experimental: Comparing the foundation value of 10th and 1th of HR, lnLF(nu), lnHF(nu), there were no significant differences (P>0.05). 　Conclusion　Biofeedback relaxation training can obviously improve the HRV frequence-domain indexes of military, reducing sympathetic nerve activity, enhanced vagus nerve activity, it is indicated that biofeedback relaxation training can improve the function state of autonomic nervous of military and alleviate anxiety.