肺结核病的医学影像诊断现状与发展趋势

Current situation and development trend of medical imaging diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis

关键词:  肺结核病  X线胸片  CT  MRI  PET-CT

Key words:  [Key words]　pulmonary tuberculosis  X-ray chest film  CT  MRI  PET-CT

摘要:

肺结核病仍然是中国较常见的慢性传染病。在临床的诊断与治疗过程中，现代医学影像技术的应用与价值日显突出。尽管常规X线胸片被视为肺结核病首选和主要检查手段，但其应用价值逐渐显露弊端；而多层螺旋CT检查在肺结核病的诊断、活动性判定和治疗随访中发挥越来越重要的作用，将成为未来肺结核病筛查和诊断的首选影像学方法。基于MRI多参数成像和组织分辨率高等优点，其在特殊肺结核病及非典型肺结核球与周围型肺癌的鉴别诊断中具有重要价值。正电子发射体层（PET）-CT可显示病变的病理生理改变与代谢状况，在肺结核病成分判定与鉴别诊断等方面亦有潜在的应用价值。

Abstract:

[Abstract]　Pulmonary tuberculosis is still a chronic infectious disease more common in China. In the process of diagnosis and treatment in clinical, the application and value of modern medical imaging technology is becoming more and more serious. Though conventional chest X-ray film is still the mainly and the first choice method of examination, the application value is gradually reduced and limited. MSCT plays an increasingly important role in the diagnosis, active analysis and treatment follow-up examination, and it will be the first choice of imaging of pulmonary tuberculosis screening and diagnosis method. Based on the multi-parameter imaging and high resolution advantages, MRI has important value in the special tuberculosis diagnosis and atypical tuberculoma differential from peripheral lung cancer. PET-CT is able to display the pathophysiological changes and metabolism diseases, it will has the potential application values in the determination of pulmonary tuberculosis components and differential diagnosis.