181例耳科急性眩晕病的临床分析

Clinical research of 181 cases of acute audiology vestibulopathy

关键词:  眩晕  前庭功能  病因学

Key words:  vertigo  vestibular function  etiology

摘要:

［目的］ 了解耳科急性眩晕患者的临床表现并根据诊断进行分类。［方法］ 对181例耳科急性眩晕患者进行听力学、影像学、前庭功能、血流动力学等检查。根据各项检查结果进行诊断，回顾各种疾病发病率。［结果］ 各种耳科急性眩晕病发病例数依次为：梅尼埃病68例；椎基底动脉供血不足43例；良性位置性眩晕22例；突聋伴眩晕21例；偏头疼伴眩晕14例；前庭神经元炎7例；迟发性迷路积水2例；急性脑卒中2例；外淋巴漏1例；颅内肿瘤1例。［结论］ 眩晕发病机制复杂，应结合详细病史、听力学、影像学、前庭功能、血流动力学等多项检查辅助诊断。对于年龄较大，病情较重的突发眩晕患者，头颅CT或MRI是必要的。

Abstract:

［Objective］ This study is to observe the clinical manifestation of acute audiology vestibulopathy. The vestibulopathy was classified by diagnosis. ［Methods］ One hundred eighty-one patients with acute audiology vestibulopathy were diagnosed with audiology, imageology, vestibular function and hemodynamics. Incidence of acute audiology vestibulopathy was reviewed. ［Results］ The incidence of acute audiology vestibulopathy were ranked as follows: there were 68 cases of meniere disease, 43 cases of vertebral basilar insufficiency (VBI), 22 cases of benign paroxysmal positional vertigo, 21 cases of sudden deafness with vertigo, 14 cases of migrainous vertigo (MV), 7 cases of vestibular neuritis, 2 cases of delayed endolymphatic hydrops, 2 cases of acute stroke, 1 case of perilymphatic fistula and 1 case of intracranial tumor. ［Conclusion］ The pathogenesis of acute audiology vestibulopathy is complicated. Diagnosis should be based on integrating with detailed records and all of the examination results. Skull CT or MRI is necessary for the old patients with sudden vertigo.