201 例脑卒中临床分析

Clinical analysis of 201 cases of apoplexy

关键词:  脑卒中  青年  中老年

Key words:  apoplexy  young people  middle age and old age

摘要:

［目的］探讨青年脑卒中与中老年脑卒中的各自特点。［方法］回顾性总结近五年收治的201例脑卒中患者的特点。将201例患者按年龄划分为青年脑卒中（≤45岁）和中老年脑卒中（>45岁），分析两组患者临床表现、病变部位及预后的各自特点。［结果］有头痛、呕吐等高颅压症状者青年组12例，中老年组32例，（P<0.05）。有偏瘫等定位体征者青年组9例，中老年组107例，（P<0.05）。病变部位位于脑叶者青年组13例，中老年组44例，（P<0.05）；病变在基底节区者青年组4例，中老年组89例，（P<0.05）。出院时治愈和明显进步者青年组16例，中老年组71例，（P<0.05）。高血压、血脂异常、血糖升高是主要的危险因素。［结论］青年脑卒中在临床上有其特殊性。青年组出现头痛、呕吐等高颅压症状的比例明显高于中老年组；出现偏瘫等定位体征的比例低于中老年组；青年组病变部位以脑叶为多，而中老年组病变部位以基底节区为多；短期预后青年组优于中老年组。控制高血压、血脂异常、血糖升高对预防脑卒中有重要意义。

Abstract:

［Objective］To explore the characteristics between young people apoplexy and middle age apoplexy，old age apoplexy.［Methods］ In 201 cases of apoplexy in the past five years were analyzed retrospectively.The 201 cases of apoplexy were divided into young people group(≤45 years old)and middleaged people、old people group(>45 years old)to analyze the characteristics of clinical manifestations、pathologic lesion locations and prognostic conditions.［Results］There were 12 cases,with headache、vomit and intracranial hypertension in young people group and 32 cases, in the other group (P<0.05).There were 9 cases,with hemiplegia and the other level physical signs in the young people group and 107 cases,in the other group (P<0.05).There were 13 cases whose pathologyiclasion location was in the cerebral lobe in the young people group and 44 cases in the other group (P<0.05).there were 4 cases whose pathologyiclesion location was in the basal ganglia in the first group and 89 cases in the other group(P<0.05).There were 16 cases whose discharge condition was fix up or improvement in the first group and 71 cases in the other group(P<0.05).High blood pressure、abnormal blood-fat and hyperglycemia are the most important risk factors .［Conclusions］The young people apoplexy was special in clinic. There were much more patients with symptoms of headache、vomit and other intracranial hypertension sympotoms in the young people group. There were less patients with hemiplegia and other level physical signs in the young people group. There were more patients whose pathologyiclesion location was in the cerebral lobe in the young people group and more patients whose pathologyiclesion location was in the basal ganglia in the other group. The short-term prognosis of the young people group was better than the other group.The control of high blood pressure、abnormal blood-fat and hyperglycenia is very important for the prevention of apoplexy