椎基底动脉应用解剖学研究

Applied anatomy of vertebro-basilar artery

关键词:  椎-基底动脉  解剖学  脑神经  脑干  变异

Key words:  Vertebral artery  Basilar artery  Anatomy  Cranial nerve root

摘要:

观测椎动脉颅内段和基底动脉的行程、主要分支、变异与后8对脑神经的关系。［方法］35例动脉灌注红色乳胶的头颈标本用3种不同的方法取出脑干，观测椎动脉颅内段（V4）和基底动脉（BA）的行程、管径、重要分支、变异和与后8对脑神经根的关系。［结果］左右VA粗细明显不同（直径相差1.00 mm以上）11例，VA弯曲移位6例，移位的椎动脉可压迫7～11对脑神经。大脑后动脉(PCA)为BA的终支，左右PCA近端有时粗细不等。细的一侧有粗大的后交通动脉。后交通动脉左右有明显差别的5例。［结论］VA和BA主要分支的变异在影像诊断、脑血管和脑神经外科上有重要意义。

Abstract:

:［Objection］ To study origin , diameter, course, main branches and variations of the vertebro-basilar artery and Relationship between the artery and Ⅵ-Ⅻ cranial nerve roots. ［Method］ Vertebro-basilar artery was studied in 35 cadaveric brains fixed with 10% formalin and injected with red color latex. Brain stems were removed from skull with three methods. ［Result］ Significant asymmetry of caliber of VA are 11 cases. (outer diameter of one VA being at least 1 mm larger than its counterpart); shifting and curve VA are 6 cases; Ⅵ-Ⅻ cranial nerve roots might be compressed by shifting VA. One VA had a fusiform hole. Five cases of posterior communicating artery were significant greater than their counterpart, which indicated that the posterior cerebral artery originated from internal carotid artery. ［Conclusion］ Normal and variable vertebro-basial artery have important significance on neurosurgery and angiograms.