尖牙埋伏阻生的定位及治疗

Localization and treatment of impacted maxillary canines

关键词:  埋伏牙  外科暴露  X线定位

Key words:  impacted  surgical exposure  X-ray localization

摘要:

探讨经内科、外科和正畸联合手段对上颌埋伏尖牙进行定位及治疗。［方法］ 选择20例尖牙埋伏阻生病例，年龄10～15岁。所有病例均经拍摄头颅定位侧位片、曲面断层片、部分病例加照定位牙矢状轴向断层片，以确定埋伏尖牙的唇腭向位置、水平高度及倾斜度，与邻牙的关系，是否有萌出能力等。［结果］ 18例埋伏阻生的尖牙经手术后均已正常萌出。水平向上距腭中缝较近且垂直向上尖牙牙冠位切牙根尖1/3者预后较差。［结论］①选择合适的病例，大部分埋伏阻生尖牙经开窗暴露后，均可经牵引或自然入牙列，且位置及牙周、牙龈情况良好，故术前估计很重要。②开窗暴露后有萌出能力的尖牙应让其自然萌出，以保证牙髓、牙龈及牙周情况正常

Abstract:

To study surgical exposure,orthodontic movement and localization of the impacted maxillary canines. ［Methods］ With impacted canines of 18 patients aged 10～15 was selected.All patients were localized with the method of cephalometric and panoramic radiograph and some additional sagittal axis radiograph in order to understand labial-palata position,horizontal altitude and inclined angle,relationship with neighbour teeth,the ability of eruption. ［Results］ 18 cases were successful after surgical exposure.The poor cases were which the impacted maxillary canines sited nearby median palatine suture in horizon and the crown of the canine localed around the 1/3 part of the insicer root tip in vertical. ［Conclusions］ ①The pre-op assessment is very important. If we selected correct cases,most could be joined patine's dental arch by traction or eruption,also the position and periapical and gingival situation of the impacted maxillary canines would be good.②To ensure the health of impacted teeth,allow it naturally erupt which have eruptive ability after surgical exposure